Test: Neuroplasticity and Cellular Resilience in Bipolar Disorder
Please select the best answer of the available choices for each of the 10 questions below, then press the button marked "Score the Test" to proceed.
 
1.The best evidence suggesting cell loss and atrophy in mood disorders has come from:
 A. EEG studies
 B. PET scans
 C. CSF studies
 D. Postmortem studies
  
2.Mood disorders are associated with regional glial cell loss:
 A. True
 B. False
  
3.The mechanisms by which neuronal atrophy occurs in mood disorders includes:
 A. enhancement of glutamatergic functioning
 B. down-regulation of cell surface glucose transporters
 C. reduction in the levels of trophic factors
 D. all of the above
  
4.Glial cells:
 A. provide neurons with energy sources
 B. clear excess glutamate from the synapse
 C. release trophic factors
 D. all of the above
  
5.Which of the following have been shown to increase neurotrophic signaling cascades:
 A. lithium
 B. valproate
 C. diazepam
 D. PCP
 E. a and b
  
6.MRI studies have shown that:
 A. Bipolar patients show reductions of grey matter in the subgenual prefrontal cortex regardless of treatment
 B. Bipolar patients treated with lithium or valproate show greater reductions of grey matter in the subgenual prefrontal cortex
 C. Bipolar patients treated with lithium or valproate show less reduction of grey matter in the subgenual prefrontal cortex
 D. Bipolar patients treated with antidepressants show greater reductions of grey matter in the subgenual prefrontal cortex
 E. Bipolar patients treated with antidepressants show less reductions of grey matter in the subgenual prefrontal cortex
  
7.Lithium has been shown to increase what in patients?
 A. ventricular size
 B. gray matter
 C. NAA levels
 D. pituitary size
 E. b and c
  
8.What is the neuroprotective protein that lithium has been shown to upregulate in preclinical studies?
 A. Nkappa1
 B. bcl-2
 C. p53
 D. BgNEL
  
9.Which of the following neurological insults does lithium protect against in rodent models?
 A. quinolinic acid (model of Huntington's disease)
 B. CDY/FAK intoxication (model of Pick's disease)
 C. middle cerebral artery occlusion (rat model of stroke)
 D. a and c
  
10.. The neuroprotective protein bcl-2 has been shown to protect against the deleterious effects of
 A. ischemia
 B. free radicals
 C. glucose deprivation
 D. growth factor deprivation
 E. all of the above